Posted by Kirsten on 2024 Nov 21st
Layering for Success: How to Dress for Winter Outdoor Activities
Winter outdoor activities like hiking and cross-country skiing are great ways to stay active in the cold months. When you’re trekking through snow or gliding through the backcountry, the right layering system can mean the difference between a fantastic day outdoors and a miserable one.
In this blog post, we’ll break down how to layer effectively for winter activities. It’s as easy as 1-2-3 by focusing on the three essential layers: moisture wicking base layer, warm mid-layer, and a weatherproof outer layer.
Layering is totally customizable so you can make adjustments throughout the day to stay comfortable as conditions or activity levels change. The key to layering effectively is to balance warmth, breathability, and moisture management—keeping you warm when you’re moving and preventing overheating, or chilling when you stop.
1. Base Layer: Merino Wool (or Synthetic) for Moisture Management and Warmth
The base layer is the foundation of your winter layering system. This layer sits directly against your skin, so it plays a critical role in managing sweat and keeping you dry. Your base layer should be comfortably fitted and not so tight that it restricts mobility.
Why Merino Wool?
Merino wool is the go-to material for base layers in cold weather because of its exceptional moisture-wicking properties, breathability, and warmth-to-weight ratio. Unlike cotton, which retains moisture and can leave you feeling cold and clammy, merino wool draws moisture away from your skin and into the fibers, where it evaporates. This helps regulate your body temperature even when you're working hard.
Additionally, merino wool naturally resists odors, so you can wear it for extended periods without worrying about unpleasant smells—a huge bonus for longer hikes or multi-day trips. There are great synthetic options as well, like the Cross Run Long Sleeve Tee from Salomon.
When selecting a base layer, opt for a mid-weight piece for most winter activities. If you’re expecting very cold temperatures or plan on spending extended periods outside, a heavier base layer might be necessary. For moderate winter temperatures, a lighter-weight merino base layer can keep you comfortable without overheating.
Key Features to Look For:
- Moisture-wicking properties
- Softness against the skin (no itchiness!)
- Odor resistance
- Good stretch for comfort and mobility
SHOP MEN’S BASE LAYERS | SHOP WOMEN’S BASE LAYERS
2. Mid-Layer: Fleece or Micro-Puff Jacket for Insulation
The job of the midlayer is to trap body heat and provide insulation. This is the layer that will keep you warm when you’re not moving as much, or if the temperature drops. Ideally, your midlayer is fleece or a micro puff jacket, and is the bulk of your layering system.
Fleece:
Fleece is a classic choice for a mid-layer because it offers excellent warmth without being too bulky. It’s breathable and moisture-wicking, making it great for when you need warmth but still need some breathability as you work up a sweat. Fleece is also lightweight and compressible, so it’s easy to pack away when you don't need it.
Micro-Puff Jackets:
For those looking for more warmth in a compact form, a micro-puff jacket (such as the Patagonia Nano Puff/ https://riverandtrail.ca/w-nano-puff-jkt/) is a great choice. Micro-puff jackets are also highly compressible, so they’re easy to stash in your backpack when you start to heat up, but they’ll keep you warm when the temperatures drop. If you are expecting much colder conditions, you can increase your mid layer to a warmer layer such as the Patagonia Down Sweater / https://riverandtrail.ca/w-nano-puff-jkt/)
Key Features to Look For:
- Lightweight but warm insulation
- Packability (for stowing away when not needed)
SHOP MEN’S FLEECE | SHOP WOMEN’S FLEECE
3. Outer Layer: Waterproof Shell to Protect Against the Elements
The outer layer, or shell, is your first line of defense against the wind, rain, snow, and other elements. This layer should provide windproof and waterproof protection while still allowing you to move freely.
Why a Waterproof Shell?
A good shell is critical for protecting yourself from the harshest weather conditions, whether it's a snowstorm, rain or wind. A high-quality waterproof shell will keep you dry on the outside while allowing moisture and heat to escape from the inside.
Look for a shell made with breathable, waterproof materials such as Gore-Tex or other DWR (durable water repellent) coating, like Patagonia’s Granite Crest Jacket or Arc’teryx Beta AR Jacket. These fabrics are designed to let perspiration escape while blocking water from getting in.
Additional features you can opt for include adjustability, such as a hood that can fit over a helmet (if you're skiing or ice climbing), adjustable cuffs, and ventilation zippers for regulating airflow when you start to warm up. It’s our opinion that “pit zips”, and generally avoiding too much bulk in the armpits, are a must.
Key Features to Look For:
- Waterproof and windproof materials
- Breathability for moisture management
- Adjustable features (hood, cuffs, zippers)
- Ventilation options (pit zips or mesh-lined pockets)
SHOP MEN’S JACKETS | SHOP WOMEN’S JACKETS
Putting It All Together: The Ultimate Winter Layering System
Here’s a quick rundown of how these layers work together for winter activities like hiking and cross-country skiing:
1. Base Layer (Merino Wool): Wicks moisture away from the skin and helps regulate your body temperature.
2. Mid-Layer (Fleece or Micro-Puff Jacket): Provides insulation and traps heat, offering warmth when you’re not moving or in colder conditions.
3. Outer Layer (Waterproof Shell): Shields you from the elements, keeping you dry and protected from wind, snow, or rain while allowing moisture to escape.
A Few Bonus Tips for Layering Success:
- Don’t Overdress: Start your activity with just your base and mid-layer, then add the outer shell as needed (i.e. when it starts to snow or the wind picks up). Layering is all about being able to adjust as you go.
- Stay Dry: Avoid getting too sweaty, as moisture can cool your body down quickly. If you’re working hard, unzip your jacket or remove layers to let heat escape.
- Check Your Extremities: Keep your hands, feet, and head warm with appropriate accessories like gloves, wool socks, a BUFF and a hat or helmet liner. These often get overlooked but are essential for staying comfortable.
By layering correctly, you’ll be well-equipped to handle whatever the winter elements throw your way. Whether you’re hiking, skiing, or playing in the snow in your backyard, the right layers will keep you warm, dry, and ready to tackle any adventure!